A finales de junio adjudican la planta de regasificación de Buenaventura

Gas Natural/Industria
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De otro lado, la relación reservas producción de gas natural bajó a 7,7 años, mientras que la de petróleo se mantiene en 6,3 años.

1 de junio de 2021.   El ministro Minas y Energía, Diego Mesa Puyo, anunció que la Unidad de Planeación Minero Energética (UPME) adjudicará a finales de este mes la planta de regasificación del Pacífico junto con el gasoducto Buenaventura-Yumbo, por un valor cercano a los 800 millones de dólares.

Con esta decisión se le pone fin a la polémica desatada en el país sobre la conveniencia o no de construir esta infraestructura de importación de gas natural licuado (GNL), para darle respaldo de suministro al suroccidente colombiano. La planta tendrá una capacidad de almacenamiento de 170.000 metros cúbicos y podrá regasificar 400 millones de pies cúbicos diarios de GNL. 

El anunció lo hizo el ministro durante la presentación de las reservas de petróleo y gas natural. De acuerdo con cifras de la Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH),administradora de los recursos hidrocarburíferos de la Nación, al cierre de 2020 la relación reservas producción (R/P) de petróleo se mantienen en 6,3 años; no obstante el ministro resaltó que en 2018 es relación era de 5 años. Al cierre de 2020 las reservas probadas de petróleo eran de 1.816 millones de barriles, mientras que en 2019 fueron de 2.041 millones de barriles.

Donde sí hubo un descenso fue en la relación reservas producción de gas natural que pasó de 8,1 años en 2019 a 7,7 años en 2020. Esta situación si es preocupante por cuanto las cifras vienen descendiendo consistentemente desde 2011, cuando la relación R/P era de 13,9 años.

De acuerdo con la ANH, en 2019 el país tenía 3.163 giga pies cúbicos de gas natural en reservas probadas, mientras que en 2020 pasaron a 2.949 Gpc.

“De ahí la necesidad de la realización de obras de infraestructura como la bidireccionalidad de los gasoductos y la nueva planta de regasificación del Pacífico, mientras se avanza en la exploración costa afuera y los yacimientos no convencionales”, dijo el ministro.

Mesa señaló que las caídas de las reservas en 2020 se deben principalmente a dos factores: la guerra de precios a nivel mundial (mientras en 2019 el precio promedio del Brent fue de 63 dólares, en 2020 fue de 43 dólares por barril) y la pandemia de la Covid-19, que redujo en un 10 por ciento la demanda de petróleo.

Para revertir la situación se debe aumentar la exploración y desarrollo de nuevos campos. En ese sentido, Mesa destacó que desde 2015 no se había adjudicado ningún contrato y que en lo que lleva el gobierno de Iván Duque ya se han adjudicado 35 nuevos contratos y en la Ronda 2021 se espera adjudicar 15 adicionales.

Por su parte, el presidente de la ANH, Armando Zamora, dijo que en los últimos veinte años no se ha encontrado ningún gran yacimiento. “Realmente, los únicos grandes yacimientos descubiertos recientemente son los no convencionales, localizados principalmente en el Magdalena Medio”, dijo.

Finalmente, Mesa señaló que las oportunidades en gas natural están en las desarrollo costa afuera, los yacimientos no convencionales y la obras de infraestructura.

Pronunciamiento de Naturgas

Sobre la caída en las reservas de gas natural, el presidente (e) de la Asociación Colombiana de Gas Natural (Naturgas), Andrés Sarmiento, dijo que “si bien, el descenso en las reservas de gas natural no es un indicador positivo, Colombia tiene un gran potencial para revertir esta tendencia.”

Agregó que Ecopetrol, Canacol, Drummond, Frontera, Hocol y Lewis siguen fortaleciendo su posición como productores en nuevos campos continentales y en campos antiguos con la técnica de recobro mejorado.

Al mismo tiempo se espera actividad en el Caribe Offshore en los bloques Caribe Sur, Tayrona y Guajira Offshore “En estos proyectos Ecopetrol trabaja en sociedad con Shell, Petrobras y Repsol; y en yacimientos no convencionales, Colombia tiene un potencial entre 4 y 24 terapies cúbicos en el Valle Medio del Magdalena, Cesar y Catatumbo”, concluyó

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